Oil burner



' Dec. 15, 1931. BROWN 1,836,012

OIL BURNER Filed July 18, 1929 INVENTOE.

Patented Dec. 15, 1931 UNITED STATES cmmncnx L. BROWN, or NOB-THFIELD, MINNESOTA OIL BURNER Application filed July 18,

This invention relates to a liquid fuel burner more aptly designated simply as an oil burner applicable for use in various kinds of heating devices, particularly such as used c for heating garages, small shops, and also highly efficient in water tanks such as used for stock watering purposes on farms.

The main object is to provide an oil burner of simple'and inexpensive design and embodying certain features of construction and operation as hereinafter fully set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which,

Fig. 1 is a top or plan view of the main burner member of my device alone and mounted on a horizontal heater element. Fig. 2 is a diametrical sectional view as on line 2-2inFig. 1 and showing additional details and accessories of my device including fuel feed and overflow pipes, oilstrainer, a

cap over said strainer and a large upper deflector cap, the latter in dotted lines.

Fig. 3 is a partly sectional side elevation of my complete improved oil heater in operative position in a stove of the so-called garage'heater type, said heater being designated in dotted lines only.

Fig. 4 is a top view of my'oil strainer means.

9 Referring to the drawings by reference numerals, my heater device comprises an-upwardly opening cup-like main shell5 with an integral outwardly directed bolting or mounting flange 5A bored for bolts 6 by means of which the shell is fixed or mounted in a horizontal web 'TWV of .a heater 7, said part 7W comprising the base, or false bottom or any other suitable horizontal element of the heater and having a bore through which 9 the shell 5 is insert-able upwardly to permit flange 5A .to be attached. 5B is an interior concentric and integral, circular flange or cylindrical member extending upwardly from the bottom of shell 5 providing a circular oil burning trough 8 around it and between it and the outer shell wall. At the lower central part of shell 5, within cylinder 5B, the

shell is cast or formed with an upwardly directed, approximately semi-spherical boss 51?, with a central vertical bore 9 tapped to re 1929'. Serial Nb; 379,224.

oeive a fuel intake pipe 10 from below, said bore'9 thus comprising a fuel passage through which oil flows upwardly and then flows down and outwardlyfra'diallyon the rounded surface of boss 5P to the circular trough 11 formed between the base of saidboss and the adjacent wallof cylinder 5B. 12 are a series I of outwardly and downwardly inclined aper tures in cylinder 513 near its upper edge and through which the liquid fuel flows outwardly .0 from within the cylinder to the outer trough 8 where the fuel is burned. p

'13 is a metal cylinder-cap, preferably semispherical as shown and flanged at its opening, as 13F-to'rest concentrically on the upper rim of cylinder 513, said cap being-provided with an upper central ear 13E bored as 1313 for readily handlingsame'as with the end of'a poker or other suitable rod, said cap being subject to intense heat when the burner is in use. 14 is a large main cap comprising mainly a plate with a number of radial'downwardly directed, integral spacer webs 14W, each with a shoulder 14S so the cap may engage the rest concentrically on the upper rim of shell 5 (see Figs. 2 and 3)'with the plate in vertically spaced relation to said rim. The plate serves as a deflector to spread the flames of the burning oil radially from and above the said rim of the shell, this feature being important particularly for heaters such as garage heaters (designated 7 in Fig. 3) to spread: the heat to the walls of such heater and obtain maximum efficiency before the products of combustion are drawn toward and through'the outlet flue 15 of such heater.

16 is an overflow cup or tray arranged concentric of and below shell 5 to receive any surplus fuel which may overflow from the trough 8 through a circular row of apertures 17 in the main shell 5. These apertures are bored or cored radial, upwardly and ine wardly inclined preferably from a level just belowv flange 5A as shown and the main purpose of these inclined apertures is to provide means for directing a free, natural flow of air inwardly and" upwardly to the fuel burning chamber or trough 8 and insure perfect combustion and maximum heat. It willjbe understood that the fuel passages 12 of the I center cylinders are preferably below the feet condition for combustion in theburning chamber.

- In Figs. 2 and 4' is illustrated a fuel cleaning or purifying device comprising three superposed invested saucer shaped discs all of like diameter to be dropped down within the cylinder 513 to lie concentric therein and on top of the upwardly rounded boss 5P.

, .The bottom or lower disc of the three is designated 18- and comprises preferably a coarse meshscreen, the center one designated 19jis a disc of porous material such as asbestos or other heat resisting material and the top disc designated 20 is a perforated plate metal disc. All three, of these superposed discs rest concentrically as described and over the fuel passage 9; 'Fuel flowing through said passage 9 fills'thecylinder' uptothe outlet apertures 12' of cylinder 5B. Obviously the screen '18 not only supports theother discs but spreads the 'fuel and the latter passes through the porous center disc 19and then upwardly through'the apertured top disc.

7 .Thus foreign matter not desired in the burning chamber is separatedby, said'discs and settles in the circular trough 11.. i

21' in Fig. 2 designates an overflow outlet pipe extending from the tray or catch basin 16 through which pipe surplus fuel is delivered to any suitable type of valve control means (not shown) well known in the art and which regulates thereby the flow of fuel to thebu-rner. i

, The use of my device has been fully disclosed but it will here be statedadditionally that the inwardly and upwardly directed apertures 17 are important to provide natural and free flow of air to the fire chamber and complete combustion. The use and advantages of the cap 13 as described is another feature, providing preheating of fuel which 1s emitted'in liquid, semi-gaseous or gaseous form to-the fire chamber 8', another important condition contributingto the perfect combusti'onand all'the above features resulting in maximum heating efficiency with little or n'o carbon formation. i v

' I "claim:

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising the combination of a cup-shaped main shell provided} with exterior flanged mounting means below its upper rim, the main body of said cup comprising an upwardly opening cylindrical shell, an inner integral, cylindrlcal shell extending upwardly from the bottom of said cup to provide at the bottom a circular fuel burning trough, an upwardly projecting rounded boss integral of said bottom and concentric within the inner shell to provide a circular sediment trough between its base and the adjacent inner shell walls, said boss provided with a central fuel intake passage, fuel outlet meansvprovided near the upper. perimeter of said inner shell and air passage means provided in said outer shell at anelevation higher than said fuel passages of the inner shell. 7

2. The structure specified in claim 1 in which said apertures of the outer shell comprise a horizontal circular row of inwardly and upwardly inclined bores and said apertures of the inner shell comprising likewise inwardly and upwardly directed bores.

3. The structure specified in claim 1, and a removable fuel filtering element comprising three superposedplates adapted to lie normally concentric on said boss in the inner shell and over its fuel intake opening.

4. The structure specified in claim 1, and a removable fuel filtering element comprising three superposed plates adapted to lie normally concentric on said boss in the inner shell and over its fuel intake opening, said filtering element-comprising a lower foraminous metal plate, an intermediate porous and liquid fuel filtering plate and an upper foramino'us metal plate.

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising the combination of a cup-shaped main shell provided'with exterior flanged mounting means below its upper rim, the main body of said cup comprising an upwardly openingcylindrical shell, an inner integral, cylindrical shell extending upwardly from the bottom of said cup to provide at the bottom a circular fuel burning trough, an upwardly projecting provided with a central fuel intakepassage,

fuel outlet means provided near the upper perimeter of said inner shell and air passage means provided in said outer shell at an elevation higher than said fuel passages of the inner shell, a removable upwardly rounded cap member formed with a circular lower flange arranged to fit and rest concentrically on the upper perimeter of the said inner shell, and a heatdeflector cap 'member formed with a horizontal top plate and support means extending downwardly therefrom to support the said member with its top in horizontal plane in spaced relation above and concentric of the rim of the main shell.

6. A liquid fuel burner comprising a main upwardlyopening cup shaped shell member adapted to be mounted in a suitable heater, a central upwardly projecting boss on the bottom of said shell, an inner cylindrical shell concentric of said boss and opening upwardly with its upper perimeter in a plane lower than the upper perimeter of the main shell, said boss provided with a central fuel intake passage, fuel outlet means near the upper perimeter of said inner shell to deliver fuel freely outwardly radially and downwardly through said fuel outlet means into a combustion chamber formed between the inner and outer shells, and a removable semispherical cap adapted to rest concentrically on the rim of the inner shell with its outer surfaces exposed to the burning fuel, for the purpose of pre-heating the fuel within the inner shell.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

CHAUNGEY L. BROWN. 

